Thanks for starting a great thread! This V&C single-button one minute pocket chronograph, here with its half-chronometer brother, represents an irresistible combination to me; tool watch under a prestigious label. These pieces have the patina of hard lives, with stories to tell.
Anyone interested in the history of the V&C Corps of Engineers watches, please read on. Otherwise feel free to click or thumb-scroll away...
Following the outbreak of "the Great War" in August of 1914, the United States first declared their determination to stay neutral. Germany's attempts to blockade the British Isles led to the unfortunate sinking of the passenger liner RMS (Royal Mail Ship) Lusitania on 7 May 1915. Along with nearly 1,200 casualties were 128 American citizens. However, although little remembered today, panic didn't really set in until January of 1917 when secret negotiations between Germany and Mexico were uncovered (the infamous Zimmermann note), which led Congress to declare war on Germany in the Spring of 1917. By July of 1917, American troops were marching in Paris, and by October they were fighting on the front. These were the American Expeditionary Force (AEF) which by 1918 numbered 420,000 troops. At Armistice, 11 November 1918, the AEF had suffered 117,000 casualties.
The AEF went to Europe with a supply of Hamilton pocket watches but, under the encouragement of the Quartermaster Corps, began to look for European suppliers of precision timekeepers. Charles Constantin makes reference in his Annales Vacheron et Constantin to the Allies establishing a purchasing office in Berne for the purpose; "After I learned this office was looking for bids for pocket watches, I presented them with an interesting assortment. We were entrusted with supplying the first contract of 3,000 pocket watches". In total, some 10,000 watches were contracted by the Allies from Zenith, Ulysse Nardin and V&C. They, in turn, subcontracted with others to meet the large and sudden demand. Deliveries continued well past the war's end and a total of 3,289 V&C pocket chronographs were received by the Corps by 1920.
The V&C chronograph ebauches were supplied by four different Manufactures; Matthey-Tissot, Reymond Freres, Moser, and Nardin. My example has a Reymond ebauche. Although they all met the same basic criteria, the Nardin-based chronos were wound and set through the crown unlike the other pin-set movements. Just to straighten-out a persistent myth, V&C did not provide wrist watches under contract to the military during WWI, however, they did offer suitable wristwatches for private purchase to those officers wealthy enough. Further, it wasn't unusual for large pocket watches to be converted to "wristlets" by the troops, using a leather wrist holder.
Hope you enjoyed this brief digression into vintage pocket chronographs ;-)