For example E81 is an alpha code that tells the style, in this case 21x16 mm, deployant, padded 4.0 mm in material and color 100 which is dark chestnut shiny alligator with square scales.
The maker is indicated by eg the printed ”CF” for Camille Fournet.
The Patek dealer strap catalog covers all alpha codes. There is no logic to decode them but you rather have to look the code up in the catalog to know what they mean.