...called for the clock to be wound by the rising and falling of mercury in a bellows, similar to a barometer. The first models were very fragile and difficult to repair without unsafe exposure to the mercury inside. This is why we sometimes see references to these clocks winding based on changes in barometric pressure instead of temperature.
Later models (beginning around 1930) used ethyl choride, a gas that boils at room temperature, as a winding medium. The same principal is used today.
Here's my Atmos, a Heritage Round model from about 1970:
The cost of entry for a vintage Atmos isn't as much as you think. But they are still very expensive to repair.
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